Diverse Job Creation in Agricultural Industry & Farming Village
A. Cause of Latest Increase in Employment in Agricultural Sector
(Socioeconomic Effect) Increased back-to-earth farmers among retired baby boom generation and youths
According to analysis, many of older generations set up small farms while younger generations start up farming or get employed with vocational vision * (Major Reason of Back-to-earth Farmers by Age Group) Under 30s: farming vision (23.1%), Over 60s: natural environment (41.5%)
In advanced countries, migration to farming villages increased following suburban rural area development and retirement of the postwar generation
‣ (UK) Rural population increased 12.4% in 1981 - 2001 (Similar in Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, etc.)
‣ (Japan) Rural migration increased among Dankai generation (born in 1945 - 1947, baby boom generation), and since 2000, approximately 60,000 per year became back-to-earth farmers
(Structural Change in Agriculture) Following the leveling up of agricultural enterprises and the increase in agricultural corporations, the employment demand for 'permanent worker' and 'temporary worker' increased * Increase in Agricultural Corporations in 2012 - 2017: Agricultural association corporation 32%, agricultural corporation 177%
With the expansion of the business scope of agricultural enterprises to processing, distribution and service industries, jobs were created in the front and back industries * From the employment survey of agricultural corporations (December 2018), employment increased in 60.4% of surveyed corporations in the past 1 year due to increased sales (49.5%) and expanded business scope (43.9%) as the major causes (duplicate answers)
(Policy Support) Strengthened Attraction from Increased Youth Agricultural Start-ups and Employment Support * Youth agricultural settlement support, agricultural corporation employment, promotion of back-to-earth movement, proliferation of smart farms, etc.
Fluctuations in Employees in Farming & Fishing Industries (YoY, Monthly Average, 1,000 Persons)
농림어업 취업자 증감 (전년동기대비, 월평균, 천명)
division
First Half of 2017
Second Half of 2017
Jan - Nov 2018
Total
-12.3
24.6
58.6
Self-employed + Unpaid Service
- 6.0
24.4
57.4
Full Employment
6.0
6.5
5.3
B. Implementation Plan
Strengthen employment, start-up and settlement support to youths and promote social economy to continuously build employment capacity in agricultural sector and farming villages * Youth Start-ups & Employees in Agriculture (Accumulated): (2018) 1,800 → (2019) 3,700 → (2022) 10,000
(New Occupational Category) Introduce new qualifications and occupational categories, and secure job basis by institutionalizing employment, etc.
Qualifications & Occupational Categories to be Introduced in Agriculture & Food Sector in 2019
‣ Animal Nursing Welfare Worker: Nurse animals and assist medical treatment under guidance of veterinarian in veterinary clinic (Amendment of the Veterinary License Act)
‣ Forest Leport Instructor: Develop and distribute forest leport programs, instruct and oversea safety (Amendment of the Forestry Culture and Recreation Act)
‣ Grain Manager: Manage governmental grain grades (storage and polishing), and consult RPC and milling plants (newly established private qualification)
‣ Livestock Disease Prevention & Hygiene Management Industry: Clean and disinfect livestock facilities and control pests (Business declaration, enforcement of Domestic Animal Infectious Disease Control Law)
(Institutionalizing Employment) Institutionalized to employee 'grain managers' in each region to manage governmental grain and allow only the qualified persons to provide animal nursing and welfare services
(Employment Support) Provide incentives to national leports facilities for directly employing 'forest leport instructors' (2020) and to rice processing complexes (RPC) for employing 'grain manager'
(Popularization of Services) Support creation of agricultural environment in life by using urban agricultural manager (introduced since 2017) and promote utilization of 'green interior' in buildings
(Community-based Jobs) Create jobs based on demand and resources in agricultural services
Create jobs based on community activities via agricultural and farming village social economic organizations* * Activities of 5,045 economic organizations such as cooperatives and social enterprises, etc. in agricultural production, processing and distribution, food manufacturing and sales, environment & energy, and medical and health sectors (2017) - Expand practical organizations in social agriculture (9 organizations in 2018 to 18 in 2019) that provide healing, caring and education services through agricultural activities, and support stable management - Build nationwide network for agricultural social economic organizations and build basis such as platforms linked to farming village jobs for back-to-earth farmers and nationwide networks, etc.
Social Economic Organization Case: Happy Farm Cooperative (Hongseong, Chungnam)
‣ Operate rehabilitation & vocational training programs where disabled people with severe mental illness produce herbs and wrapping vegetables, and some of the trainees stand on their own and get employed in farms and region (2018, 2 people)
‣ Social welfare workers from local welfare centers accompany the disabled for monitoring and local residents take part as agricultural teachers
Create local jobs by expanding agricultural convergence industry using local specialty resources and new vital districts and by providing start-up spaces (2019, 20 spaces) from idle facilities in rural areas
(Youth) Systematically provide opportunity to work in the agricultural sector and create residential and welfare living conditions to support settlement of youths
Strengthen practical training from agricultural high schools and universities and provide special scholarships to university students who advance into agricultural business (2019, 500 beneficiaries) so that youths can pursue vocational vision in the agricultural sector
Resolve difficulties in employment and start-up in agricultural sector by providing basis and sales channels, and strengthen vocational stability - Strengthen funding and farmland supports to youths with weak agricultural start-up basis, and create start-up basis by combining with modern technology such as smart farms and agro-food ventures, etc. - Connect to local distribution systems (local food) to secure sales channels for young farmers in SMEs - Provide youths seeking employment in the agricultural sector an opportunity to get a permanent job after completing corporate internship (2019: 120 personnel)
Provide agricultural settlement subsidy (2019: 1,600 new personnel) to young start-up farmers and build an integrated management system to strengthen support performance and obligatory implementation management
Create demonstrative youth residential complexes (2019: 120 households in 4 complexes) with cultural and childcare living infrastructure, and promote autonomous networking of young start-up farmers